The foundations for any runner should begin with base training – put simply, steady aerobic miles. It is the first and most important phase of a training cycle. This is what prepares runners for the more challenging, race-specific workouts that come later.
The main objective of base training is to increase endurance, or a runner’s aerobic capacity—because endurance takes extended time to develop and the benefits are long-lasting.
Incremental Increase In Mileage is Key
The main priority of base training is to gradually and steadily increase your running mileage. The total volume of a runner’s workload is one of the best metrics for success. Simply put, the more you’re able to run, the faster you’re likely to race. To build a strong aerobic engine, gradually increasing mileage during the base phase of training is necessary. This is why base training has to start months before any goal races. The end result should be a gradual, progressive increase in mileage that will help build endurance, injury resistance and economy. If you stay consistent, you’ll develop the strength you need to handle the miles by doing the miles—so that after a few months of gradual increases what used to be a peak week becomes your comfortable, default mileage. For example, I have been in the ‘base phase’ of my training now for 12 weeks, increasing my total weekly mileage by roughly 15% each week. I am now up to 30 miles per week, which is the point in which I believe I am ready to start some tune up sessions. In addition to this, I’ve been regularly doing strength conditioning and core work, to prevent injury and prime my body for the faster workouts ahead.
Inject small doses of ‘pace’ into your legs
However, base training isn’t just easy miles. It could incorporate some short strides into runs i.e 6 x 20-30seconds to increase leg turnover and improve form. You could also throw in some drills to work on your technique. Possibly try a light fartlek session, pick-ups/surges, or a cheeky progression run here and there. Without including faster sessions into base training, runners won’t develop nearly as much neuromuscular fitness, improvements to running economy, and preparedness for the harder and more race-specific workouts that are undoubtedly coming during the later stages of training.
Avoid Lactate Sessions during base phase
What you want to avoid doing too much of during this phase are extended workouts at V02 Max (roughly 5K pace) or faster, such as 400m to mile repeats. These anaerobic workouts raise the acidy of cells, which can damage the mitochondria and aerobic enzymes you’re working to build. Save most of these intense, specific workouts for the final phase of training when you’re sharpening for a race. You can do a moderate interval workout once every 3–6 weeks during your base to keep your body in touch with these paces and other priorities of the introductory period include establishing a foundation of neuromuscular fitness with very small doses of maximal-intensity running and beginning the long process of developing efficiency and fatigue-resistance at race pace with small doses of running in the race-pace range.
3 basic phases of a training cycle: Base, strength & speed.
Many athletes have is that they think these three phases are mutually exclusive. But you always do a little of all of those things. There’s never a time of year when you’re just running mileage or you’re just doing speed. You’re always doing all of it, it’s just a matter of to what degree. Also, this phase of training is defined by what you are focusing on during that phases and what your long term goals are.
The base period should include three components: Gradually increasing mileage, the critical long run, and at least one faster workout per week.
Focus on three metrics:
- Increasing the long run by about a mile every 1–2 weeks
- Adding 1–2 more runs per week
- Adding 1–3 miles to weekday runs every 1–3 weeks
Thank you for reading, please subscribe to this blog if you enjoyed the read 🙂
Any questions please email me at s.street.hall@gmail.com or drop me a message on Instagram (link below)
Suzy







